Chapter H1. How much BC reduction for your daughter via the RED Triangle? RED Triangle: 1. Reproductive/Hormonal Factors R 2. Exercise E 3. Diet (+supplements +clean water) D Cancer researcher Nancy Krieger, PhD wrote, "early age [at first birth] consistently has emerged as the strongest [breast cancer] protective factor [5-12]" (Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 1989) 1. Reproductive/hormonal Factors - BC risk reduction: 65%-80% if ALL factors optimum: Reduction in Leontyn's BC risk a. You breastfeed 'Leontyn' 26% (compared to babies not (one year minimum) breastfed) b. Leontyn enters puberty -- at age 16-18; see Diet and Exercise sections c. Married Leontyn has first 45% (compared to women who term birth before age 20 never give birth) (first birth between 20-24 reduces BC risk 20%-30%) d. Leontyn breastfeeds 4-7 years 40% (compared to no breast- (for 2-3 babies) feeding) e. Full-term pregnancies every time 50% (compared to women who 'terminate' first pregnancies) The 'ABC' risk f. Second full-term birth before 30 9% (compared to women with (3rd, 4th, etc. 9% each) no second birth) g. No ESTROGEN drugs (birth control 25% (compared to women who pills and hormone replacement take estrogen birth ctl. therapy) pills and HRT) [Any medical researcher will tell you that one can not simply ADD these various percentage reductions to get a total reduction in risk. So, the 65%-80% total is an educated 'estimate' of a low risk woman versus a high risk woman] References: see Breastfeeding (Chapter R) see Reproductive/Hormonal Factors (Chapter R) 2. Optimum Exercise - 72% (for moms), 26% (for 'non-moms') However, to get this reduction, 'Leontyn' must start an average of at least 3.8 hours/week of vigorous exercise since before puberty; (she must not overdo exercise, since that will worsen her health). If young 'Leontyn' exercises at the level of an athlete, she will also delay puberty about 5 months for every one year of vigorous exercise according to researchers Rose Frisch et al. This delay of puberty will reduce her BC risk. The average age of puberty in the USA in 1860 was between 16 and 17 years. For optimum breast health and overall health Leontyn should be a vigorous exerciser for almost her entire life. EXERCISE References: see EXERCISE (Chapter R, all References) 3. Optimum Diet ( + supplements + clean water ) - 40% minimum (75% maximum) reduction in BC risk. Why such a wide range (40%-75%) for an optimum diet? How many long term medical studies in U.S. and Europe have there been where some of the subjects were on an optimum diet (plus dietary supplements) including?: a. vegetarian only foods b. all food fresh, organic and not genetically engineered c. many cancer preventing foods d. most food eaten fresh and uncooked e. purified water for cooking and drinking f. higher fiber and complex carbohydrate foods mostly g. full range of vitamin/mineral supplements h. some study subjects were only consuming healthy oils (egs. flax oil, virgin olive oil, hemp oil) unheated The number of such studies (where some subjects have a totally optimum diet ) equals the total number of flying hippopotmi ( i.e. zero ). How can one be confident of even just a 40% reduction in BC risk? Consider one study of soy food consumption (favored by Japanese women with about 80% lower BC risk than Americans or Canadians) (Dietary effects on breast-cancer risk in Singapore, The Lancet, H.P. Lee et al, 1991 ;337:1197-1200). Women in the group consuming the highest amount of soy foods had a 57% reduced BC risk ( compared to women in the group consuming the least soy ). The reduction in BC risk was 71% when the group with the highest ratio of soya food to total protein consumption was compared to the group with the lowest ratio of soy/total protein. How about high fiber? In one study (Dietary Fiber, Beta-Carotene And Breast Cancer: Results From A Case-Control Study, International Journal of Cancer, Pieter Van't Veer et al, 1990,45;825-828) the 25% of the total group with the most fiber consumption had a 58% BC risk reduction relative to the 25% of the total group with the least fiber consumption. Another study reported that a diet with low saturated fat and high vitamin C reduced postmenopausal BC risk by 24%. A 1991 report found that women reduced their breast cancer risk by 67% 95% CI=0.15-0.73) "which was largely attributable to the combin- ation of low intake of fat and high intake of fermented milk products and fiber...." (International J Cancer, 1991; 47:649:653) Drugs in your Diet? - Everything that goes into your mouth is part of your diet, including drugs. There is no comprehensive study that estimates how many breast cancer cases are annually caused by pharmaceutical drugs. Let's look at just one class of drugs, calcium-channel blockers. In 1997 the prestigious journal The Lancet reported the results of one study: calcium-channel blockers increase the risk of breast cancer by 157% (95% CI=1.47-4.49). Readers should be aware that when the great bulk of new drugs are FDA approved (HPB in Canada) for sale to the public, NO LONG TERM (i.e. at least 10 year) studies were done on the breast cancer (or any other cancer) risk of those drugs. Does this mean that the drug taking public is a herd of guinea pigs? You be the judge. DIET References: see DIET, VEGETARIANISM, VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTS, WATER, CALCIUM-CHANNEL BLOCKERS (chapter R, all References) 4. Total BC risk reduction via an 'optimum' RED Triangle- 80%-90% (relative to women who are 'couch potatoes', eat poor diets and have unfavorable reproductive/hormonal factors) Again, this 80%-90% is an educated estimate and subject to the following provisos: a. 'Leontyn' is born with a normal healthy 'genetic profile' b. from the date of birth onwards there are no 'serious violations' of a healthy 'RED Triangle'. E.G. Leontyn does not decide at age 45 that she will start exercising for the first time. c. factors other than the RED Triangle are no worse than average; e.g. if Leontyn's environment is very badly poisoned, this could overwhelm her 'RED badge of courage'. WARNING Do not make any changes affecting your health without first consulting with a trusted medical professional. copyright Brent Rooney ( [email protected] )